FARH Syndrome: About a Case Diagnosed at the Abass University Center NDAO

This was a 69-year-old woman, seen for a progressive bilateral decline in visual acuity. Brain CT performed during neurology follow-up revealed the presence of calcifications of the basal ganglia. She had been known and treated for hypertension for 10 years. She underwent a total thyroidectomy and suffered a fracture in her left hip. Ophthalmological examination showed corrected visual acuity of 6/10 P2 in the rig...

Bilateral Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Study on Senegalese Black Population

Purpose: To Report cases of consecutive and simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methodology: retrospective study of 33 patients (66 eyes) with consecutive or simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment between October 2006 and September 2020. The data was processed by the Excel and SPSS software. Results: The hospital frequency was 9.96%. The mean age was 44.32 years. The initial...

Hiding from the Enemy: An Assessment of Perception of Polychromatic Light in a Simulated Tactical Environment

Background: Proper tactical lighting is crucial for the success of medical providers in the setting of Special Operations Medicine (SOFMED). Previous research has explored the efficacy of the use of lights of different hues of monochromatic and polychromatic light. The purpose of this study is to explore the illuminance of different hues of light and how they are perceived by observers in low-light conditions. Thi...

Changes in Corneal Endothelial Cells Characteristics in Dry Eye Disease

Purpose: To correlate corneal endothelium cell density with dry eye disease compared to an age-matched control group. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 eyes of 75 subjects aged 19-25 years who did not have any history of eye injuries or eye disease affecting the corneal endothelium cell density, were recruited in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into groups based on their dry eye disease severity....

Progress in the Development of Informative Biomarkers for Dry Eye Disease

Dry Eye Disease (DED), one of the most common reasons for patients to seek ophthalmic care, remains a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and researchers. A pressing need exists for the identification of an informative biomarker for both diagnostic and staging purposes in this condition. Herein, an explanation for how the complex pathophysiology of DED hampers biomarker development is given. A review of previous e...

Emergence of Bevacizumab as Biosimilar with Ophthalmologic Prospects for Patients and Pharma Industry

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) inhibitors, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and pegaptanib are the approved treatments for certain eye diseases that are used especially in the elderly patients. However, these drugs are mostly inaccessible due to their high cost. Bevacizumab a VEGF inhibitor approved for cancer treatment, being a cheaper alternative, is reported to be used extensively as off-label Intravitreal...

Update on Management of Astigmatism after Penetrating Keratoplasty

There are several therapeutic options in the management of astigmatism after Penetrating Keratoplasty (PK). New publications continue to present improvements to established approaches as well as the development of new therapeutic possibilities and new technologies. This study reviews the most recent publications on astigmatism management after PK to guide a more updated management.

Definition of Different Treatment Response Types in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common, degenerative disease of the retina presented as neovascular AMD (n-AMD) or non‐neovascular AMD. Several factors risk factors having been found associated with unresponsive to treatment and progression macular scar form, including subtype of the Choroidal Neovascular Membrane (CNM), presence of subretinal drusenoid deposits, Pigment Epithelial Detachment (PED), de...

Multi-Spot Lasers: What Constitutes an Effective Pan Retinal Photocoagulation (PRP) and is it Time to Find a New Treatment Regime?

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of the multispot (PASCAL) Pan Retinal Photocoagulation (PRP) laser in treating Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) as there are concerns that patients may be undertreated with multi-spot lasers resulting in worsening disease. Additionally to correlate various risk factors with progression of disease. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 56 patients (80 eyes) with...

Biometry and Retinal Detachments of High Myopic Eyes: Results of a Cross-sectional Study of 202 Eyes in Eastern Algeria

Introduction: High myopia is defined by an axial length greater than 26m. The presence of staphylomas renders biometric measurement more difficult, thus requiring the use of a two-dimensional ultrasound coupled with ultrasound in mode A. The present study has a twofold objective: analyze the clinical characteristics of retina detachments of the high myopic according to their biometrics,and identify the particulari...

Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: Importance and Task Sharing Approach in Low Resource Country for Prevention of Blindness

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. It is the emerging cause of blindness in low and middle income countries. Timely detection and treatment of vision threatening DR could help prevention from its blindness. Patients are symptomatic only at the advanced stage of the disease. So awareness and screeni...

Genes, Proteins and Biological Pathways in Human and Animal Myopia

Myopia (short-sightedness) is approaching pandemic prevalence of vast socio economic and public health importance in many Asian communities, with approximately 50% of the world population estimated to be affected by 2050. Several genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the emergence and progression of myopia. However, what makes this disease so complex is that there is very little overlap in gene...

Acute Anterior Uveitis as Presentation of an Unknown Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA), in a Group of Patients Over 45 Years. Advantages of the Multidisciplinary Consultation of Rheumatology and Ophthalmology

Ocular inflammation is a common clinical manifestation related to several autoimmune systemic disorders, specially spondyloarthritis. Unilateral recurrent anterior acute uveitis (AAU), is the most frequent form of uveitis related to spondyloarthropaties, and is sometimes the initial manifestation of an undiagnosed axialspondyloarthritis. X-ray of the sacroiliac joints has been fundamental to diagnose, classify and...

Preventing Retained Items during Eye Surgery

Introduction: Retained surgical items continue to occur, including during eye surgery. This series of root cause analysis (RCA) reports provides detailed information on the causes of such events and ideas on how to prevent future occurrences. Methods: The Veterans Health Administration conducts RCAs on reported adverse events such as retained surgical items. We reviewed this data base (2006-2016) for reported reta...

The Ophthalmologist’s Role in Identifying Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Short Communication/New Technologies

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) has a multisystem effect and is associated with a host of systemic side effects and the eyes are particularly susceptible to both mechanical and vascular consequences of the disease. This emphasizes the importance to increased awareness of both OSA and of ocular complications of this common disorder to prevent vision-threatening complications. The purpose of this short review is to pr...

Seventh-and-a-Half Syndrome

This is a case of a patient with right internuclear ophthalmoplegia and right peripheral seventh nerve palsy with no other neurologic deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a small localized right hemipons infarct involving facial motor nucleus and facial genu as well as the right medial longitudinal fasciculus. We introduce “Seven-and-a-half syndrome” as a new clinicoradiologic syndrome.

Extensive Macular Atrophy with Pseudodrusen-Like Appearance Resembling Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Fully Documented Eight-Year Clinical History

Here, we describe an adult male with extensive drusen-like deposits in both eyes, rapidly progressing to extensive macular atrophy. A fully documented eight-year clinical history, with fundus images, has been reported, and although macular atrophy may resemble atrophic age-related macular degeneration, it can be distinguished by some striking features, including extensive drusen-like deposits in the posterior pole...